Unit 1: Te Ao Māori — Cultural Identity & Knowledge Systems

A 6-8 lesson unit exploring Māori worldviews, values, and knowledge systems as the foundation for all learning. Years 7–8.

📖 Unit Overview

A comprehensive 6-8 lesson journey exploring Māori worldviews, values, and knowledge systems as the foundation for all learning. This unit establishes cultural identity and understanding of Te Ao Māori as a valid and essential knowledge system.

  • Year Levels: Years 7–8
  • Duration: 6-8 lessons (20-25 hours)
  • Learning Areas: Social Studies, Te Reo Māori, The Arts

🌱 Growing Identity

Students reflect on their own identity and cultural positioning, developing awareness of diverse worldviews and knowledge systems.

📋 Kaiako Planning Snapshot

🎯 Ngā Whāinga Akoranga — Learning Intentions

By the end of this unit, students will:

  • Articulate their own identity and cultural positioning using whakapapa language.
  • Explain Mātauranga Māori as a valid and sophisticated knowledge system.
  • Analyse Te Tiriti o Waitangi as a living document with contemporary relevance.
  • Apply te ao Māori values (manaakitanga, whanaungatanga, kaitiakitanga) to real-world contexts.
✅ Paearu Angitu — Success Criteria
  • I can describe my whakapapa connections and explain why place matters to identity.
  • I can explain at least two ways Mātauranga Māori differs from and complements Western science.
  • I can use evidence from Te Tiriti to support a claim about partnership or historical agency.
🤝 Differentiation & Inclusion
  • Entry: Focus on Lessons 1–2 (whakapapa and identity). Use scaffold cards for key vocabulary. Accept oral responses for identity portfolio evidence.
  • On-level: Complete the full 5-lesson sequence. Produce a multimedia identity portfolio and a community sprint proposal.
  • Extension: Research a specific iwi's application of Mātauranga Māori to a contemporary challenge (climate, health, governance) and present findings with citations.
  • ESOL / ELL learners: Provide visual whakapapa maps and glossaries. Allow students to build identity pepeha using their own cultural heritage — the whakapapa concept translates cross-culturally. Bilingual buddy pairs where available.
  • Neurodiverse learners / ADHD: Post lesson purposes visibly at the start of each session. Use the Identity Portfolio as a running visual anchor. UDL: accept audio, video, or drawn responses alongside written work. Break the community sprint into weekly micro-milestones.

📋 Curriculum Alignment

🌏 Social Studies / Tikanga-ā-Iwi

SS 4-1 Identity

Understand how leadership, tikanga, and rangatiratanga shape communities.

SS 4-2 Culture

Understand how cultural practices reflect deep tribal and national identities.

🌿 Te Reo Māori

TRM 4-1 Communication

Communicate information and ideas through pepeha and whakataukī.

📖 Lesson Sequence

📊 Aromatawai

Identity Portfolio

A multimedia collection of whakapapa maps, interviews, and cultural reflections.

Community Sprint

A project-based proposal applying cultural knowledge to a local community issue.

📎 Resources

Treaty of Waitangi Analysis

Critical analysis framework for Te Tiriti principles.

Dawn Raids Impact

Historical study of state intervention and community resilience.

📊 Assessment

Formative — understanding builds across the unit: whakapapa mapping and identity (L1), a mātauranga-and-Western comparison (L2), and using Te Tiriti as evidence for a claim about partnership (L4). Reflections and draft work show progress against the success criteria.

Summative — the two products from this unit's assessment framework: a multimedia collection of whakapapa maps, interviews, and cultural reflections; and a project-based proposal applying cultural knowledge to a local community issue. Assess depth of connection, use of evidence, and respectful engagement with tikanga.

🔗 Unit Progression & Next Steps

The unit begins with identity and widens to Te Tiriti and living tradition:

  • 📖 Lesson 1: Ko Wai Au? — Explore whakapapa and pepeha as the foundation of identity and belonging.
  • 📖 Lesson 2: Mātauranga Māori — Traditional Knowledge Systems — Investigate how mātauranga differs from and complements Western science.
  • 📖 Lesson 3: Haka & Cultural Expression — Examine haka as living transmission of values and history.
  • 📖 Lesson 4: Te Tiriti o Waitangi — Analyse Te Tiriti and use it as evidence on partnership and historical agency.
  • 📖 Lesson 5: Traditional Arts & Storytelling — Explore how arts and pūrākau carry mātauranga across generations.

The unit feeds directly into the two assessment products — the whakapapa collection and the community-issue proposal.

📋 Teacher Planning Snapshot

Ngā Paearu Angitū — Success Criteria

  • ✅ I can describe my whakapapa connections and explain why place matters to identity.
  • ✅ I can explain at least two ways Mātauranga Māori differs from and complements Western science.
  • ✅ I can use evidence from Te Tiriti to support a claim about partnership or historical agency.

Differentiation & Inclusion

Entry-level learners: Provide a whakapapa-mapping template and sentence starters; begin from the student's own connections to place and people.

ELL / ESOL: Pre-teach key kupu (whakapapa, mātauranga, tikanga, rangatiratanga) with visuals; pair the Te Tiriti text with a plain-language summary; allow home-language reflection.

Accelerated learners: Compare a mātauranga Māori and a Western scientific explanation of the same phenomenon and evaluate each; extend the community proposal with researched evidence.

Neurodiverse / Inclusion: Offer choice in how identity and culture are expressed (map, record, or present); keep tasks in predictable stages; allow quiet processing time before sharing.

Pedagogical Foundations | Ngā Tūāpou Akoranga

Ao Māori is not a cultural supplement to a Western curriculum — it is a distinct epistemological framework with its own knowledge traditions, pedagogies, and relational ethics. Three researchers whose work shows why these principles cannot be reduced to cultural decoration.

Kaupapa Māori
Graham Smith
Smith’s six principles of Kaupapa Māori — tino rangatiratanga, taonga tuku iho, ako Māori, kia piki ake i ngā raruraru o te kāinga, whānau, and āta — are the architecture of this unit, not a checklist. Ao Māori is a framework in which knowledge, relationships, and identity are inseparable, and the design choices here follow from that inseparability.
Holistic Development
Rose Pere
Pere’s framework — wairua, hinengaro, tinana, and whanaungatanga as inseparable dimensions of hauora — explains why this unit moves between spiritual, intellectual, physical, and relational registers without treating any one as primary. The whole person is present in every lesson; teaching that reaches only the cognitive register is teaching only part of the student.
Culturally Responsive
Mere Berryman
Te Kotahitanga research demonstrated that Māori students’ achievement is most powerfully shaped not by content delivery but by whether teachers engage with Māori students as Māori — accepting and acting on their identity as the foundation of the educational relationship. The relational and identity-affirming moves in this unit reflect the specific teaching behaviours Te Kotahitanga found most effective.

→ Explore all theorists at Te Whare Ako — Teaching Theory

🧺 Ngā Rauemi Katoa | All Resources in this Collection

Curriculum Alignment

How Unit 1: Te Ao Māori — Cultural Identity aligns with the New Zealand Curriculum (Te Mātaiaho) — audited, verbatim statement connections.

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Reading Comprehension: The Dawn Raids

In the mid-1970s, New Zealand faced an economic downturn. In this climate of uncertainty, some politicians and media began to blame Pasifika peoples...

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Unit 1: Te Ao Māori - Assessment Portfolio & Rubric

Holistic assessment following Y8 Systems comprehensive evaluation model

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Ko Wai Au? - Comprehensive Whakapapa Deep Dive Activities

Comprehensive: Whakapapa Deep Dive Activities - Unit 1 Lesson 1 - Educational resource from Te Kete Ako

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Unit 1 Lesson 1: Ko Wai Au? - Personal Whakapapa Exploration

Whakapapa is sacred and connects us to our tīpuna (ancestors), our whenua (land), and our future generations. Share only what feels appropriate and...

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Unit 1 Lesson 2: Tikanga Scenarios - Understanding Māori Customs

Your class is visiting a local marae for a cultural learning experience. As you approach the marae, your teacher explains that you'll be participating...

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Unit 1 Lesson 3: Mātauranga Māori Inquiry Cards

Unit 1 Lesson 3: Mātauranga Māori Inquiry Cards — free unit plan for New Zealand teachers and students. Part of the Te Kete Ako curriculum resource collection.

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Identity & Connections Portfolio Rubric

A Phase 2 (Years 4–6) rubric for an identity and belonging portfolio. Mana-enhancing, privacy-first criteria aligned to connection, values in action, reflection, communication, and

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Unit 1 Identity Portfolio Rubric · 2025 Edition

Holistic assessment following Y8 Systems comprehensive evaluation model

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Kete Uiui Mātauranga

Phase 2 (Years 4–6) Mātauranga Māori inquiry cards for Unit 1: Te Ao Māori. Short, scaffolded prompts for group kōrero, drawing, and reflection with privacy-first sharing.

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Kete Uiui Mātauranga Ngā Pātai Uiui mō te Wāhanga 3 (Tau 7-8) Phase 3 Inquiry Cards | Exploring Systems of Knowledge

Phase 3 (Years 7-8) Mātauranga Māori inquiry cards aligned to Te Mātaiaho progress outcomes TM-SS-3-U1 & TM-SS-3-K1.

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Tikanga Scenarios

Phase 2 (Years 4–6) student-friendly tikanga scenarios for Unit 1: Te Ao Māori. Short, discussion-ready cards focusing on manaakitanga, whanaungatanga, whakaute, and kaitiakitanga.

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Unit 1 Tikanga Scenario Deck · 2025 Edition

Your class is visiting a local marae for a cultural learning experience. As you approach the marae, your teacher explains that you'll be participating...

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Ngā Hononga Stations

Phase 2 (Years 4–6) identity and belonging stations for Unit 1: Te Ao Māori. Mana-enhancing, privacy-first activities exploring connections to people, places, values, and responsib

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Ngā Hononga Whakapapa Kāhui Tuakiri mō te Wāhanga 3 (Tau 7-8) Phase 3 Identity Stations | Systems of Belonging – Years 7-8

Phase 3 (Years 7-8) whakapapa identity stations aligned to Te Mātaiaho progress outcomes TM-SS-3-U1 and TM-SS-3-K1.

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Ngā Hononga — Connections Template

A scaffolded, mana-enhancing identity and belonging template for Years 4–6 to explore connections to people, places, languages, values, and responsibilities, with privacy-first sha

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Unit 1 Whakapapa Exploration Template · 2025 Edition

Whakapapa is sacred and connects us to our tīpuna (ancestors), our whenua (land), and our future generations. Share only what feels appropriate and...

Open