Lesson 1

What is Activism?

Defining action, power, and change in Aotearoa.

Defining the Mahi

Activism isn't just marching in the street. It is any action taken to bring about social or political change. In Aotearoa, activism has a deep history connected to Tino Rangatiratanga (Māori self-determination) and holding power to account.

🧠 Do Now: Word Association

When you hear the word "Activist", what image comes to mind?

The Hero?
Someone brave fighting for rights (e.g., Kate Sheppard).
The Troublemaker?
Someone disrupting traffic or breaking rules.

Whakapapa of Resistance

Activism in New Zealand didn't start with the internet. It started with survival and sovereignty.

1881
Parihaka
Te Whiti-o-Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi lead a campaign of passive resistance against land confiscation. No weapons, just ploughing land and sit-ins.
1893
Women's Suffrage
Kate Sheppard and fellow campaigners collect 32,000 signatures (the largest petition ever at the time) to win women the right to vote.
1975
Māori Land March
Dame Whina Cooper, at age 79, walks from Te Hāpua to Wellington under the slogan "Not One Acre More".

Types of Activism

Actions come in many forms. Match the action to the method.

Type Example Goal
Direct Action Occupying land, blocking a road Disrupt normal life to force attention
Lobbying Writing to MPs, presenting petitions Change the law through official channels
Consumer Action Boycotting a brand Hit them in the wallet (money = power)
Digital Activism Viral hashtags, online petitions Raise awareness quickly & globally

🌱 Reflection

Which method do you think is most effective today for getting a teenager's attention versus a politician's attention?

Next Lesson: Keyboard Warriors →

šŸ“‹ Teacher Planning Snapshot

Ngā Whāinga Ako — Learning Intentions

Students will investigate digital activism as a form of civic participation and political power, examining how social media and online tools have enabled new forms of resistance, solidarity, and community organising. This unit connects to Māori traditions of protest, hīkoi, and political action in the digital age.

Ngā Paearu AngitÅ« — Success Criteria

  • āœ… I can evaluate the effectiveness of digital activism strategies and identify their strengths and limitations.
  • āœ… I can analyse how power operates in digital spaces and who controls information flows.
  • āœ… I can design a digital activism campaign for a cause I care about, applying ethical communication principles.

Differentiation & Inclusion

Scaffold support: Provide campaign planning templates and analysis frameworks for entry-level learners. Offer extension tasks requiring students to critically evaluate a real activist campaign's digital strategy and propose evidence-based improvements.

ELL / ESOL: Pre-teach political and digital literacy vocabulary. Leverage students' knowledge of activism in their home countries as a comparative lens. Allow discussions in home language to process complex political ideas before English writing tasks.

Inclusion: Use multimodal texts — videos, images, social media posts — to make political concepts accessible. Neurodiverse learners benefit from structured analysis frameworks and choice in how they engage with potentially charged political content. Create a safe classroom environment where diverse political perspectives are respected.

Mātauranga Māori lens: Situate digital activism in the long whakapapa of Māori political resistance — from the Kotahitanga movement to the 1975 Māori land march, to contemporary digital campaigns for Te Tiriti justice. Explore how hui, karanga, and whaikōrero function as forms of community organising that preceded digital networks, and how Māori activists have strategically adopted digital tools while maintaining cultural grounding. Discuss tino rangatiratanga as the ultimate goal of political participation.

Prior knowledge: Best used after foundational social studies and civics concepts. Benefits from prior exposure to media literacy.

Curriculum alignment