Lesson 1

What is Activism?

Defining action, power, and change in Aotearoa.

Defining the Mahi

Activism isn't just marching in the street. It is any action taken to bring about social or political change. In Aotearoa, activism has a deep history connected to tino rangatiratanga (Māori self-determination) and holding power to account.

🧠 Do Now: Word Association

When you hear the word "Activist", what image comes to mind?

The Hero?
Someone brave fighting for rights (e.g., Kate Sheppard).
The Troublemaker?
Someone disrupting traffic or breaking rules.

Whakapapa of Resistance

Activism in New Zealand didn't start with the internet. It started with survival and sovereignty.

🪶 Cultural integrity

Parihaka and the Māori Land March are histories carried by living whānau, iwi, and communities. Use named sources and local accounts where available; do not ask Māori ākonga to speak for an iwi, and do not reduce tino rangatiratanga to a campaign slogan.

1881
Parihaka
Te Whiti-o-Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi lead a campaign of passive resistance against land confiscation. No weapons, just ploughing land and sit-ins.
1893
Women's Suffrage
Kate Sheppard and fellow campaigners collect 32,000 signatures (the largest petition ever at the time) to win women the right to vote.
1975
Māori Land March
Dame Whina Cooper, at age 79, walks from Te Hāpua to Wellington under the slogan "Not One Acre More".

🧭 Project artefact: Cause and Power Card

Choose one issue your rōpū may carry into the campaign assessment. Record: the change sought, who is affected, who can make the relevant decision, one piece of evidence that the issue is real, and one action that would move beyond awareness.

Types of Activism

Actions come in many forms. Match the action to the method.

Type Example Goal
Direct Action Occupying land, blocking a road Disrupt normal life to force attention
Lobbying Writing to MPs, presenting petitions Change the law through official channels
Consumer Action Boycotting a brand Hit them in the wallet (money = power)
Digital Activism Viral hashtags, online petitions Raise awareness quickly & globally

🌱 Reflection

Which method do you think is most effective today for getting a teenager's attention versus a politician's attention?

Next Lesson: Keyboard Warriors →

📋 Teacher Planning Snapshot

Ngā Whāinga Ako — Learning Intentions

Students will distinguish awareness from purposeful collective action, compare tactics used in Aotearoa movements, and identify the decision-maker behind a possible campaign issue.

Ngā Paearu Angitū — Success Criteria

  • ✅ I can classify an action by the change it seeks and justify my classification.
  • ✅ I can support a claim about an Aotearoa movement with a named source.
  • ✅ I can complete a cause-and-power card naming an issue, evidence, affected group, and decision-maker.

Differentiation & Inclusion

Scaffold support: Supply the action categories as cards and model one cause-and-power card together. Extension learners compare two tactics aimed at different kinds of power.

ELL / ESOL: Pre-teach activist, tactic, decision-maker, petition, boycott, and occupation. Accept labelled diagrams or bilingual notes before a spoken or written justification.

Inclusion: Let ākonga use a teacher-provided issue rather than disclose a personal cause. Do not require personal political beliefs or lived experience.

Mātauranga Māori and tikanga boundary: Named Māori movements are studied through sources, not mined for campaign imagery. Local iwi accounts take precedence, and no ākonga is positioned as the class authority for an iwi or hapū.

Prior knowledge: Best used after foundational social studies and civics concepts. Benefits from prior exposure to media literacy.

Curriculum alignment

This lesson directly enacts audited Social Sciences Phase 4 statement 52648 through source-based study of land-rights activism and urban protest movements. See the curriculum companion for the exact statement and lesson map.