Ethical judgement
Primary role
Teacher-only planning note
This companion is strongest when kaiako model one scenario first. Students often rush to moral
certainty unless they are shown how to weigh evidence, affected groups, and next-step
responsibilities.
Strong fit
Using questioning techniques to clarify and summarise information and to support deeper discussion by encouraging others to extend, refine, or respond to ideas.
How this resource aligns
The scenario prompts
give students a reason to question one another’s reasoning and refine their judgement rather than
stopping at surface reaction.
EnglishENGLISH-28d54c450fDiscussion
Te Mātaiaho English, Phase 4 Language Studies practices.
Strong fit
Explore perspectives, use evidence to form conclusions, and share ideas: Compare systems, map decisions, present new solutions.
How this resource aligns
Students compare
possible responses to each dilemma and justify which action is fairest, safest, or most responsible.
Social StudiesTM-SS-3-D1Perspective and conclusions
Te Mātaiaho Social Studies `TM-SS-3-D1`.
Bridge fit
Students identify and interpret perspectives, portrayals, and what is
included or excluded in texts and public issues.
Kaiako use
Keep asking who is missing from the
decision, whose authority matters, and what a more accountable process would look like in Aotearoa.
EnglishPerspectiveCritical reading
Useful bridge into bias, media, and citizenship work.
Puna Kōrero — Sources
Ministry of Education. (2007). The New Zealand Curriculum. Learning Media.
Ministry of Education. (2021). Te Mātaiaho: The Refreshed New Zealand Curriculum. Ministry of Education.
Teaching Council of Aotearoa New Zealand. (2021). Tātaiako: Cultural Competencies for Teachers of Māori Learners. Teaching Council.
Mātauranga Māori Lens
This curriculum companion is informed by mātauranga Māori — the holistic body of Māori knowledge, values, and practices. Kaiako are encouraged to draw connections between the content and tikanga, whanaungatanga, and students's turangawaewae (place and belonging). Te Tiriti o Waitangi principles of partnership, participation, and protection should shape how this material is introduced and discussed in the classroom.